历史

  A high chief of Apia, Seumanutafa Pogai, circa 1890-1910.

最初的阿皮亚只是一个小村落，1800年的人口只有304人 ，而首都建立后取了该村的名字。现代的阿皮亚村仍作为一个城中村存在，而首都的快速发展使其的城区范围已包括周边的许多村子。Like every other settlement in the country, Apia village has its own matai chiefly leaders and fa"alupega （geneaology & customary greetings）according to fa"a Samoa

现代的阿皮亚建立于1850年代，在1959年起成为了萨摩亚的首都。

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。The harbor was also the site of an infamous 15 March 1889 naval standoff in which 7 ships from Germany, the US, and Britain refused to leave harbor while a typhoon was clearly approaching, lest the first moved would lose face. All the ships were sunk, except the British cruiser Calliope , which barely managed to leave port at 1 mile per hour and ride out the storm. Nearly 200 American and German lives were lost, as well as 6 ships sunk or beyond repair.

自1900年代早期萨摩亚人展开独立运动之始，

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。organised under the national Mau movement, the streets of Apia became the center of non-violent protests and marches where many Samoans were arrested. In what became known as "Black Saturday", a peaceful Mau gathering in the town resulted in the killing of paramount chief Tupua Tamasese Lealofi III by New Zealand constabulary on 28 December 1929.

从2011年12月30日0时0分起，萨摩亚更改标准时间，跨越国际换日线，从UTC-11改为UTC+13（夏令时从UTC-10改为UTC+14），以消除因与澳大利亚和新西兰相差一天的商业障碍。

地理

  阿皮亚空照图

阿皮亚 13°50′S 171°50′W  /  13.833°S 171.833°W  / -13.833; -171.833 坐落于Vaisigano河口的天然港湾及Vaea山（472 m）北边狭窄的海岸平原上，Vaea山南边即知名作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森安葬所在。有两条南北向山脊在Vaisigano河两侧，山上皆有公路，with roads on each. The more western of these is越岛公路，其中一条越岛公路可穿过岛中央直通乌波卢岛的南岸。

气候

阿皮亚属于热带雨林气候，终年高温。最干燥的月份是7月和8月，平均只有80毫米的降雨量，而12月及1月平均降雨量最多，可超过300毫米。阿皮亚的年均温约为26摄氏度。

行政区

  Samoa police band in front of the Mulivai Catholic Cathedral.

阿米亚属于图阿马萨加政治区的一部分and of election district Vaimauga West and Faleata East。阿皮亚本身是由45个独立各别的村落所组成，没有城市建制。

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。Apia proper is just a small village between the mouths of the Vaisigano (east) and Mulivai (west) rivers, and is framed by Vaisigano and Mulivai villages, together constituting "Downtown Apia".

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。The Planning Urban Management Authority (PUMA) Act 2004 (amended in 2005 ) was passed by parliament to better plan for the urban growth of Samoa"s built-up areas, with particular reference to the future urban management of Apia. The city"s historical haphazard growth from village to colonial trading post to the major financial and business centre of the country has resulted in major infrastructural problems in the city. Problems of flooding are commonplace in the wet season, given the low flood-prone valley that the city is built on. In the inner-city village of Sogi, there are major shoreline pollution and effluent issues given that the village is situated on swamplands. The disparate village administrations of Apia has resulted in a lack of a unified and codified legislative approach to sewerage disposal. The relatively high growth in vehicle ownership has resulted in traffic congestion in the inner city streets and the need for major projects in road-widening and traffic management. The PUMA legislation sets up the Planning Urban Management Authority to better manage the unique planning issues facing Apia"s urban growth.

城市特色

  Bahá"í House of Worship, Tiapapata, 8 km from Apia.

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。Mulinu"u, the old ceremonial capital, lies at the city"s western end, and is the location of the Parliament House（ Maota Fono ）and the historic observatory, which is now the meteorology office. The name of the Catholic Cathedral in Apia is the Immaculate Conception of Mary Cathedral but as of mid 2011 the old cathedral had been demolished, reportedly due to structural damage from the large earthquake in September 2009, with a new one being built. An area of reclaimed land jutting into the harbour is the site of the Fiame Mataafa Faumuina Mulinuu II (FMFM II) building, the multistorey government offices named after the first Prime Minister of Samoa, and the Central Bank of Samoa. A clock tower erected as a war memorial acts as a central point for the city. The new market（ maketi fou ）is inland at Fugalei, where it is more protected from the effects of cyclones. Apia still has some of the early, wooden, colonial buildings which remain scattered around the town, most notably the old courthouse（the new courthouse now operating in Mulinu"u）, with a museum on the upper floor. Recent infrastructural development and economic growth has seen several multi-story buildings being built in the city. The ACC building (2001) houses the Accident Compensation Board, the National Bank of Samoa, and some government departments. The mall below it is home to shops and eateries. The Samoatel building (2004) which is the site for Samoa"s international telecommunications hub was built inland at Maluafou, again to protect it from the effects of seasonal cyclones. The DBS building (2007) in Savalalo houses the Development Bank of Samoa and new Courts complex in Mulinuu housing the district, supreme, and land & titles courts (2010). The Tui Atua Tupua Tamasese Building (2012) in Sogi, houses government ministries. Newer additions to Apia"s skyline is the SF Molesi shopping mall is due to open in 2013, as is the new hospital at Motootua.

作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森在他人生最后的四年定居在阿皮亚，并于逝世后安葬于当地Vaea山，可以俯瞰阿皮亚市区及他生前的故居维利马，现在当地已经成为博物馆。

经济

波利尼西亚航空总部位于阿皮亚市的Samoa National Provident Fund大楼。 鱼类及椰子核是该国主要出口品，而棉花、摩托车辆、肉类及糖则为主要进口品。

交通

File:Apia-Harbour.jpg Apia Harbour

  Airplane at the airport

阿皮亚港是萨摩亚目前最大且最忙碌的港口，载运各种货物包括货柜、液化石油气或燃料的国际船只都可以在此停靠。阿皮亚港有渡轮航班可开往托克劳及美属萨摩亚。

阿皮亚市有良好的道路网并保持良好的道路状况，是由于当地交通流量并不高地关系，自2009年9月7日起，当地道路车辆从靠右行驶改为靠左行驶。 市区中心城区道路速限为25英里每小时（40千米每小时）而郊区则为35英里每小时（56千米每小时）在某些特殊的路况也有15英里每小时（24千米每小时）的限速。

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。萨摩亚政府started the second phase of a major upgrading of arterial routes around the Apia Urban Area in 2012, with incremental widening of major roads around the city. The country has no trains or trams, but is served with an extensive and privatised bus and taxi system. People commonly walk around the town, or even for some distances outside it. There are few bicycles and motorcycles, but traffic congestion due to a huge increase in vehicle ownership has necessitated a major upgrade in road infrastructure.

萨摩亚唯一的国际机场法莱奥洛国际机场位于阿皮亚以西约40分钟的路程。

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。Fagali"i Airport, the small airstrip in Fagali"i, which was used for internal flights and some international flights to Pago Pago in American Samoa has now been reopened. The main international airport, Faleolo International Airport, is a 40-minute drive west of the city. Samoa"s major domestic airlines, Polynesian Airlines and Samoa Air, service this airport.

通讯

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一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。Telephone services are efficient with local, trunk and international dialing. Both BlueSky SamoaTel and Digicel operate mobile phone services with a high rate of mobile phone ownership in the country. Broadband internet services are available at various wifi hotspots around the city. International internet services are served by fibre-optic cable（in service since May 2009 ）with a backup satellite link. Several internet service providers offer broadband and dial-up services. The previous dependency on satellite links meant that there were brief service disruption caused by the sun passing behind a satellite, or for longer periods during strong winds when the dishes need to be "parked" to secure them. In addition to private service subscriptions, multiple internet cafes are present in Apia.

教育

阿皮亚有相当数量的各级教育机构，范围含盖了学前、初等、中等到高等教育都有。 阿皮亚有萨摩亚唯一的大学－萨摩亚大学，此外南太平洋大学也在阿皮亚郊区的阿拉富阿设立校区，主教授农业方面课程。

大学

萨摩亚大学

南太平洋大学

大洋洲医科大学

学院

Vaivase Tai萨摩亚学院

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。

小学

大多数的村落有它们自己的小学，不过教会在阿皮亚市区设立许多小学。

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。

体育

太平洋运动会

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。Apia hosted the Pacific Games in 1983 for the first time in both the city and the country"s history. The Games returned to Apia for the 2007 Pacific Games, in which Samoa finished third. A crowd of 20,000 attended the 2007 Games closing ceremony, which took place at Apia Park.

职业足球

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。Apia hosted theOceaniaregion"s qualification matches for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. As such, Apia was the location of the first goal scored in the 2010 qualifiers, by Pierre Wajoka of New Caledonia against Tahiti. The qualification matches commenced on 27 August 2007 and finished on 7 September 2007. All matches were played at the Toleafoa J.S. Blatter Complex, which is named afterFIFApresident Sepp Blatter.The complex, based in Apia, is also the venue of the Samoa national football team"s home matches and has a capacity of 3,500.

柔道

一些未翻译的非现代汉语已进行隐藏，欢迎参与翻译。The capital also hosted the 2010 Judo World Cup Olympic Qualifier in November 2010. The competition saw judoka fromCanada,Australia, New Zealand and theUSAtake part.

图库

参看

1889年阿皮亚风灾

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