火山喷发类型
喷发机制
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图中显示喷发物总容量与火山爆发指数(VEI)规模的关系。
火山喷发可由三种主要机制:
气体降压后释出,造成岩浆喷发。
岩浆与水接触后冷却而产生热收缩,引发蒸气岩浆喷发。
蒸气夹带颗粒而喷发,称为蒸气喷发。
延伸阅读
Volcanic Ash. University of California Press. 1985: 258 [ 2010-08-05 ] . ISBN 978-0-520-05241-3.
A transient model for explosive and phreatomagmatic eruptions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Volcanic Eruption Mechanisms - Insights from intercomparison of models of conduit processes. 2005-05, 143 (1-3): 133–151 [ 2010-08-05 ] .Bibcode:2005JVGR..143..133S. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.09.014 .
Pyle, D. M. The thickness, volume and grainsize of tephra fall deposits. Bulletin of Volcanology. 1989-01, 51 (1): 1–15.Bibcode:1989BVol...51....1P. doi:10.1007/BF01086757 .
Quantitative shape measurements of distal volcanic ash (PDF) .Journal of Geophysical Research. 2003-10-28, 108 (B10).Bibcode:2003JGRB..108.2504R. doi:10.1029/2001JB000818 .
William Henry Mathews." Tuyas," flat-topped volcanoes in northern British Columbia. American Journal of Science. 1947-09, 245 (9): 560–570. doi:10.2475/ajs.245.9.560 . . 此为比尔·马修斯的原版指标性论文,首度描述平顶火山和冰下喷发
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