生平

现代对修昔底德的生平所知不多。最可靠的资料来自他的著作《伯罗奔尼撒战争》。在书中，他阐述了他的国籍、父亲和出生地方。修昔底德在书中告诉我们，他参加了伯罗奔尼撒战争的战斗，曾经得过黑死病和战争失利被流放。 流放时,收集资料记载希腊内战,《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》，共八卷，一百多万字，尚未完成就被暗杀。

修昔底德陷阱（Thucydides Trap）

由美国政治学家格雷厄姆．艾利森（Graham T. Allison）提出的词汇，指一个新崛起的大国必然要挑战现存大国，而现存大国也必然来回应这种威胁，这样战争变得不可避免。这一概念来自修昔底德的名言“使战争不可避免的真正原因是雅典势力的增长和因而引起斯巴达的恐惧”（What made war inevitable was the growth of Athenian power and the fear which this caused in Sparta.）

参考资料和延伸阅读

主要来源

Herodotus, Histories , A. D. Godley (translator), Cambridge: Harvard University Press (1920). ISBN 978-0-674-99133-0.

Pausanias, Description of Greece , Books I-II, (Loeb Classical Library) translated by W. H. S. Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. (1918). ISBN 978-0-674-99104-0..

Plutarch, Lives , Bernadotte Perrin (translator), Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. London. William Heinemann Ltd. (1914). ISBN 978-0-674-99053-1.

Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War . London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton (1910)..

其他来源

Cochrane, Charles Norris, Thucydides and the Science of History, Oxford University Press (1929).

Connor, W. Robert, Thucydides . Princeton: Princeton University Press (1984). ISBN 978-0-691-03569-7.

Dewald, Carolyn. Thucydides" War Narrative: A Structural Study . Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2006 (hardcover, ISBN 978-0-520-24127-5).

Forde, Steven, The ambition to rule : Alcibiades and the politics of imperialism in Thucydides . Ithaca : Cornell University Press (1989). ISBN 978-0-8014-2138-9.

Hanson, Victor Davis, A War Like No Other: How the Athenians and Spartans Fought the Peloponnesian War . New York: Random House (2005). ISBN 978-1-4000-6095-5.

Hornblower, Simon, A Commentary on Thucydides . 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon (1991-1996). ISBN 978-0-19-815099-2 (vol. 1), ISBN 978-0-19-927625-7 (vol. 2).

Hornblower, Simon, Thucydides . London: Duckworth (1987). ISBN 978-0-7156-2156-1.

Kagan, Donald. (2003). The Peloponnesian War . New York: Viking Press. ISBN 978-0-670-03211-2.

Luce, T.J., The Greek Historians . London: Routledge (1997). ISBN 978-0-415-10593-4.

Momigliano, Arnaldo, The Classical Foundations of Modern Historiography. Sather Classical Lectures, 54 Berkeley: University of California Press (1990).

Meyer, Eduard, Kleine Schriften (1910), (Zur Theorie und Methodik der Geschichte).

Orwin, Clifford, The Humanity of Thucydides . Princeton: Princeton University Press (1994). ISBN 978-0-691-03449-2.

Romilly, Jacqueline de, Thucydides and Athenian Imperialism . Oxford: Basil Blackwell (1963). ISBN 978-0-88143-072-1.

Rood, Tim, Thucydides: Narrative and Explanation . Oxford: Oxford University Press (1998). ISBN 978-0-19-927585-4.

Russett, Bruce. Grasping the Democratic Peace. Princeton University Press. 1993. ISBN 978-0-691-03346-4.

de Sainte Croix, The origins of the Peloponesian War (1972). London: Duckworth. 1972. Pp. xii, 444.

Strassler, Robert B, ed. The Landmark Thucydides: A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War . New York: Free Press (1996). ISBN 978-0-684-82815-2.

Strauss, Leo, The City and Man Chicago: Rand McNally, 1964.

免责声明：以上内容版权归原作者所有，如有侵犯您的原创版权请告知，我们将尽快删除相关内容。感谢每一位辛勤著写的作者，感谢每一位的分享。